A ground-breaking book, written by Thomas Hobbes and published in 1651. In it he argues for a reciprocal relationship between obedience (from the people) and protection (by the state), so this work is considered one of the first works of social contract theory. With Hobbes arguing from this position, it could easily be read that he was advising people to come to terms with the new parliamentarian regime in England.
Leviathan
Fact of the Day
Henry II famously beat a Cistercian abbot in a drinking (‘toasting’) contest.
Quote of the Day
"Pray for me, now my calamity is at hand!
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~ John Stubbs, just before having his hand removed for seditious writing, 1579
On This Day
1189 Richard the Lionheart initiated the Third Crusade to reconquer the Holy Land from Saladin.
1549 Parliament passed the First Act of Uniformity, requiring the Book of Common Prayer to be used in all public church services.
1793 Louis XVI was executed in the Place de la Revolution in Paris, after being convicted of conspiracy with foreign powers.
1908 New York city made it illegal for women to smoke in public.
1911 The first Monte Carlo car rally was held. Seven days later it was won by Henri Rougier.
1924 Vladimir Lenin, architect of the Bolshevik Revolution and first leader of the Soviet Union, died of a brain hemorrhage.
1941 The Daily Worker, official newspaper of the UK communist party, was banned because of its views on World War II.
1950 George Orwell, author of 1984 and Animal Farm, died after a three year battle against tuberculosis.
1976 The first Concorde jets carrying commercial passengers simultaneously took off at 11:40am from London and Paris.
2008 Black Monday saw the FTSE 100's biggest ever one day fall. Euro markets had their worst result since 9/11 and Asia's fell 14%.